¹ Pwy sydd fel y doeth? Pwy sy'n deall ystyr pethau? Y mae doethineb yn gwneud i wyneb rhywun ddisgleirio, ac yn newid caledwch ei drem.

¹Who is as the wise? and who knoweth the explanation of things? A man's wisdom maketh his face to shine, and the boldness of his face is changed.

² Cadw orchymyn y brenin, o achos y llw i Dduw.

²I [say], Keep the king's commandment, and [that] on account of the oath of God.

³ Paid � rhuthro o'i u373?ydd, na dyfalbarhau gyda'r hyn sydd ddrwg, oherwydd y mae ef yn gwneud yr hyn a ddymuna.

³Be not hasty to go out of his sight; persist not in an evil thing: for he doeth whatever pleaseth him,

⁴ Y mae awdurdod yng ngair y brenin, a phwy a all ofyn iddo, "Beth wyt yn ei wneud?"

⁴because the word of a king is power; and who may say unto him, What doest thou?

⁵ Ni ddaw niwed i'r un sy'n cadw gorchymyn, a gu373?yr y doeth yr amser a'r ffordd i weithredu.

⁵Whoso keepeth the commandment shall know no evil thing; and a wise man's heart knoweth time and manner.

⁶ Yn wir, y mae amser a ffordd i bob gorchwyl, er bod trueni pobl yn drwm arnynt.

⁶For to every purpose there is time and manner. For the misery of man is great upon him;

⁷ Nid oes neb sy'n gwybod beth a fydd; a phwy a all fynegi beth a ddigwydd?

⁷for he knoweth not that which shall be; for who can tell him how it shall be?

⁸ Ni all neb reoli'r gwynt, ac nid oes gan neb awdurdod dros ddydd marwolaeth. Nid oes bwrw arfau mewn rhyfel, ac ni all drygioni waredu ei feistr.

⁸There is no man who hath control over the spirit to retain the spirit; and no one hath control over the day of death; and there is no discharge in that war, neither shall wickedness deliver those that are given to it.

⁹ Gwelais hyn i gyd wrth imi sylwi ar yr hyn a ddigwydd dan yr haul, pan fydd rhywun yn arglwyddiaethu ar ei gymrodyr i beri niwed iddynt.

⁹All this have I seen, and applied my heart unto every work that is done under the sun: there is a time when man ruleth man to his hurt.

¹⁰ Yna gwelais bobl ddrwg yn cael eu claddu. Arferent fynd a dod o'r lle sanctaidd, a chael eu canmol yn y ddinas lle'r oeddent wedi gwneud y pethau hyn. Y mae hyn hefyd yn wagedd.

¹⁰And I have also seen the wicked buried and going away; and such as had acted rightly went from [the] holy place, and were forgotten in the city. This also is vanity.

¹¹ Gan na roddir dedfryd fuan ar weithred ddrwg, y mae calonnau pobl yn ymroi'n llwyr i ddrygioni.

¹¹Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the children of men is fully set in them to do evil.

¹² Gall pechadur wneud drwg ganwaith a byw'n hir; eto gwn y bydd daioni i'r rhai sy'n ofni Duw ac yn ei barchu.

¹²Though a sinner do evil a hundred times, and prolong his [days], yet I know that it shall be well with them that fear God, because they fear before him;

¹³ Ni fydd daioni i'r drygionus, ac nid estynnir ei ddyddiau fel cysgod, am nad yw'n ofni Duw.

¹³but it shall not be well with the wicked, neither shall he prolong [his] days as a shadow, because he feareth not before God.

¹⁴ Dyma'r gwagedd a wneir ar y ddaear: pobl gyfiawn yn derbyn fel pe byddent wedi gweithredu'n anghyfiawn, a phobl ddrwg yn derbyn fel pe byddent wedi gweithredu'n gyfiawn. Dywedais fod hyn hefyd yn wagedd.

¹⁴There is a vanity which is done upon the earth; that there are righteous [men] unto whom it happeneth according to the work of the wicked; and there are wicked [men] to whom it happeneth according to the work of the righteous. I said that this also is vanity.

¹⁵ Yr wyf yn canmol llawenydd, gan mai'r unig beth da i bawb dan yr haul yw bwyta ac yfed a bod yn llawen; oherwydd fe erys hyn gyda hwy pan y maent yn llafurio yn ystod y dyddiau a rydd Duw iddynt dan yr haul.

¹⁵And I commended mirth, because there is nothing better for man under the sun than to eat, and to drink, and to be merry; for that shall abide with him of his labour the days of his life, which God hath given him under the sun.

¹⁶ Pan roddais fy mryd ar ddeall doethineb a sylwi ar yr hyn a ddigwydd ar y ddaear, a gweld pobl heb gael cwsg i'w llygaid na dydd na nos,

¹⁶When I applied my heart to know wisdom, and to see the business that is done upon the earth (for also there is that neither day nor night seeth sleep with his eyes),

¹⁷ yna gwelais y cyfan a wnaeth Duw. Eto nid oes neb yn gallu dirnad yr hyn a wneir dan yr haul. Er iddo ymdrechu i chwilio, nid yw'n dirnad; ac er i'r doeth feddwl ei fod yn deall, nid yw yntau'n dirnad.

¹⁷then I saw that all [is] the work of God, [and] that man cannot find out the work that is done under the sun: because however man may labour to seek [it] out, yet doth he not find [it]; and even, if a wise [man] think to know [it], he shall not be able to find [it] out.