¹ Gofynnodd yr archoffeiriad: "Ai felly y mae?"

¹The high priest said, “Are these things so?”

² Meddai yntau: "Frodyr a thadau, clywch. Ymddangosodd Duw'r gogoniant i'n tad ni, Abraham, ac yntau yn Mesopotamia cyn iddo ymsefydlu yn Haran,

²He said, “Brothers and fathers, listen. The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran,

³ a dywedodd wrtho, 'Dos allan o'th wlad ac oddi wrth dy berthnasau, a thyrd i'r wlad a ddangosaf iti.'

³and said to him, ‘Get out of your land, and from your relatives, and come into a land which I will show you.’ Genesis 12:1

⁴ Yna fe aeth allan o wlad y Chaldeaid, ac ymsefydlodd yn Haran. Oddi yno, wedi i'w dad farw, fe symudodd Duw ef i'r wlad hon, lle'r ydych chwi'n preswylio yn awr.

⁴Then he came out of the land of the Chaldaeans, and lived in Haran. From there, when his father was dead, God moved him into this land, where you are now living.

⁵ Eto ni roes iddo etifeddiaeth ynddi, naddo, ddim troedfedd. Addo a wnaeth ei rhoi iddo ef i'w meddiannu, ac i'w ddisgynyddion ar ei �l, ac yntau heb blentyn.

⁵He gave him no inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on. He promised that he would give it to him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when he still had no child.

⁶ Llefarodd Duw fel hyn: 'Bydd ei ddisgynyddion yn alltudion mewn gwlad ddieithr, a ch�nt eu caethiwo a'u cam-drin am bedwar can mlynedd.

⁶God spoke in this way: that his seed would live as aliens in a strange land, and that they would be enslaved and mistreated for four hundred years.

⁷ Ac fe ddof fi � barn ar y genedl y byddant yn ei gwasanaethu,' meddai Duw, 'ac wedi hynny d�nt allan, ac addolant fi yn y lle hwn.'

⁷‘I will judge the nation to which they will be in bondage,’ said God, ‘and after that will they come out, and serve me in this place.’ Genesis 15:13-14

⁸ A rhoddodd iddo gyfamod enwaediad. Felly, wedi geni iddo Isaac enwaedodd arno yr wythfed dydd. Ac i Isaac ganwyd Jacob, ac i Jacob y deuddeg patriarch.

⁸He gave him the covenant of circumcision. So Abraham became the father of Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day. Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob became the father of the twelve patriarchs.

⁹ "Cenfigennodd y patriarchiaid wrth Joseff a'i werthu i'r Aifft. Ond yr oedd Duw gydag ef,

⁹“The patriarchs, moved with jealousy against Joseph, sold him into Egypt. God was with him,

¹⁰ ac achubodd ef o'i holl gyfyngderau, a rhoddodd iddo ffafr a doethineb yng ngolwg Pharo brenin yr Aifft, a gosododd yntau ef yn llywodraethwr dros yr Aifft a thros ei holl du375?.

¹⁰and delivered him out of all his afflictions, and gave him favor and wisdom before Pharaoh, king of Egypt. He made him governor over Egypt and all his house.

¹¹ Daeth newyn ar yr Aifft i gyd ac ar Ganaan; yr oedd yn gyfyngder mawr, ac ni allai ein hynafiaid gael lluniaeth.

¹¹Now a famine came over all the land of Egypt and Canaan, and great affliction. Our fathers found no food.

¹² Ond clywodd Jacob fod bwyd yn yr Aifft, ac anfonodd ein tadau yno y tro cyntaf.

¹²But when Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent out our fathers the first time.

¹³ Yr ail dro fe adnabuwyd Joseff gan ei frodyr, a daeth tylwyth Joseff yn hysbys i Pharo.

¹³On the second time Joseph was made known to his brothers, and Joseph’s race was revealed to Pharaoh.

¹⁴ Anfonodd Joseff, a galw Jacob ei dad ato, a'i holl berthnasau yn saithdeg pump o bobl i gyd.

¹⁴Joseph sent, and summoned Jacob, his father, and all his relatives, seventy-five souls.

¹⁵ Ac aeth Jacob i lawr i'r Aifft. Bu farw ef a'n tadau,

¹⁵Jacob went down into Egypt, and he died, himself and our fathers,

¹⁶ a symudwyd hwy yn �l i Sichem, a'u claddu yn y bedd yr oedd Abraham wedi ei brynu am arian gan feibion Emor yn Sichem.

¹⁶and they were brought back to Shechem, and laid in the tomb that Abraham bought for a price in silver from the children of Hamor of Shechem.

¹⁷ "Fel yr oedd yr amser yn agos�u i gyflawni'r addewid yr oedd Duw wedi ei rhoi i Abraham, cynyddodd y bobl a lluosogi yn yr Aifft,

¹⁷“But as the time of the promise came close which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,

¹⁸ nes i frenin gwahanol godi ar yr Aifft, un na wyddai ddim am Joseff.

¹⁸until there arose a different king, who didn’t know Joseph.

¹⁹ Bu hwn yn ddichellgar wrth ein cenedl ni, gan gam�drin ein hynafiaid, a pheri bwrw eu babanod allan fel na chedwid mohonynt yn fyw.

¹⁹The same took advantage of our race, and mistreated our fathers, and forced them to throw out their babies, so that they wouldn’t stay alive.

²⁰ Y pryd hwnnw y ganwyd Moses, ac yr oedd yn blentyn cymeradwy yng ngolwg Duw. Magwyd ef am dri mis yn nhu375? ei dad,

²⁰At that time Moses was born, and was exceedingly handsome. He was nourished three months in his father’s house.

²¹ a phan fwriwyd ef allan, cymerodd merch Pharo ef ati, a'i fagu yn fab iddi hi ei hun.

²¹When he was thrown out, Pharaoh’s daughter took him up, and reared him as her own son.

²² Hyfforddwyd Moses yn holl ddoethineb yr Eifftwyr, ac yr oedd yn nerthol yn ei eiriau a'i weithredoedd.

²²Moses was instructed in all the wisdom of the Egyptians. He was mighty in his words and works.

²³ "Yn ystod ei ddeugeinfed flwyddyn, cododd awydd arno i ymweld �'i gyd-genedl, plant Israel.

²³But when he was forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brothers The word for “brothers” here and where the context allows may be also correctly translated “brothers and sisters” or “siblings.” , the children of Israel.

²⁴ Pan welodd un ohonynt yn cael cam, fe'i hamddiffynnodd, a dialodd gam y dyn oedd dan orthrwm trwy daro'r Eifftiwr.

²⁴Seeing one of them suffer wrong, he defended him, and avenged him who was oppressed, striking the Egyptian.

²⁵ Yr oedd yn tybio y byddai ei bobl ei hun yn deall fod Duw trwyddo ef yn rhoi gwaredigaeth iddynt. Ond nid oeddent yn deall.

²⁵He supposed that his brothers understood that God, by his hand, was giving them deliverance; but they didn’t understand.

²⁶ Trannoeth daeth ar draws dau ohonynt yn ymladd, a cheisiodd eu cymodi a chael heddwch, gan ddweud, 'Ddynion, brodyr ydych; pam y gwnewch gam �'ch gilydd?'

²⁶“The day following, he appeared to them as they fought, and urged them to be at peace again, saying, ‘Sirs, you are brothers. Why do you wrong one another?’

²⁷ Ond dyma'r un oedd yn gwneud cam �'i gymydog yn ei wthio i ffwrdd, gan ddweud, 'Pwy a'th benododd di yn llywodraethwr ac yn farnwr arnom ni?

²⁷But he who did his neighbor wrong pushed him away, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge over us?

²⁸ A wyt ti am fy lladd i fel y lleddaist yr Eifftiwr ddoe?'

²⁸Do you want to kill me, as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?’ Exodus 2:14

²⁹ A ffodd Moses ar y gair hwn, ac aeth yn alltud yn nhir Midian, lle y ganwyd iddo ddau fab.

²⁹Moses fled at this saying, and became a stranger in the land of Midian, where he became the father of two sons.

³⁰ "Ymhen deugain mlynedd, fe ymddangosodd iddo yn anialwch Mynydd Sinai angel mewn fflam d�n mewn perth.

³⁰“When forty years were fulfilled, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in a flame of fire in a bush.

³¹ Pan welodd Moses ef, bu ryfedd ganddo'r olygfa. Wrth iddo nesu i edrych yn fanwl, daeth llais yr Arglwydd:

³¹When Moses saw it, he wondered at the sight. As he came close to see, a voice of the Lord came to him,

³² 'Myfi yw Duw dy dadau, Duw Abraham a Duw Isaac a Duw Jacob.' Cafodd Moses fraw, ac ni feiddiai edrych.

³²‘I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’ Exodus 3:6 Moses trembled, and dared not look.

³³ Yna dywedodd yr Arglwydd wrtho, 'Datod dy sandalau oddi am dy draed, oherwydd y mae'r lle'r wyt yn sefyll arno yn dir sanctaidd.

³³The Lord said to him, ‘Take your sandals off of your feet, for the place where you stand is holy ground.

³⁴ Gwelais, do, gwelais sut y mae fy mhobl sydd yn yr Aifft yn cael eu cam�drin, a chlywais eu griddfan, a deuthum i lawr i'w gwaredu. Yn awr tyrd, imi gael dy anfon di i'r Aifft.'

³⁴I have surely seen the affliction of my people that is in Egypt, and have heard their groaning. I have come down to deliver them. Now come, I will send you into Egypt.’ Exodus 3:5,7-8,10

³⁵ Y Moses hwn, y gu373?r a wrthodasant gan ddweud, 'Pwy a'th benododd di yn llywodraethwr ac yn farnwr?' � hwnnw a anfonodd Duw yn llywodraethwr ac yn rhyddhawr, trwy law'r angel a ymddangosodd iddo yn y berth.

³⁵“This Moses, whom they refused, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge?’—God has sent him as both a ruler and a deliverer by the hand of the angel who appeared to him in the bush.

³⁶ Hwn a'u harweiniodd hwy allan, gan wneud rhyfeddodau ac arwyddion yng ngwlad yr Aifft ac yn y M�r Coch, ac am ddeugain mlynedd yn yr anialwch.

³⁶This man led them out, having worked wonders and signs in Egypt, in the Red Sea, and in the wilderness for forty years.

³⁷ Hwn yw'r Moses a ddywedodd wrth blant Israel, 'Bydd Duw yn codi i chwi o blith eich cyd-genedl broffwyd, fel y cododd fi.'

³⁷This is that Moses, who said to the children of Israel, ‘The Lord our God will raise up a prophet for you from among your brothers, like me. TR adds “You shall listen to him.” ’ Deuteronomy 18:15

³⁸ Hwn yw'r un a fu yn y gynulleidfa yn yr anialwch, gyda'r angel a lefarodd wrtho ar Fynydd Sinai a chyda'n hynafiaid ni. Derbyniodd ef oraclau byw i'w rhoi i chwi.

³⁸This is he who was in the assembly in the wilderness with the angel that spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our fathers, who received living oracles to give to us,

³⁹ Eithr ni fynnodd ein hynafiaid ymddarostwng iddo, ond ei wthio o'r ffordd a wnaethant, a throi'n �l yn eu calonnau at yr Aifft,

³⁹to whom our fathers wouldn’t be obedient, but rejected him, and turned back in their hearts to Egypt,

⁴⁰ gan ddweud wrth Aaron, 'Gwna inni dduwiau i fynd o'n blaen; oherwydd y Moses yma, a ddaeth � ni allan o wlad yr Aifft, ni wyddom beth a ddigwyddodd iddo.'

⁴⁰saying to Aaron, ‘Make us gods that will go before us, for as for this Moses, who led us out of the land of Egypt, we don’t know what has become of him.’ Exodus 32:1

⁴¹ Gwnaethant lo y pryd hwnnw, ac offrymu aberth i'r eilun, ac ymlawenhau yng nghynnyrch eu dwylo eu hunain.

⁴¹They made a calf in those days, and brought a sacrifice to the idol, and rejoiced in the works of their hands.

⁴² A throes Duw ymaith, a'u rhoi i fyny i addoli s�r y nef, fel y mae'n ysgrifenedig yn llyfr y proffwydi: 'A offrymasoch i mi laddedigion ac aberthau am ddeugain mlynedd yn yr anialwch, du375? Israel?

⁴²But God turned, and gave them up to serve the army of the sky, This idiom could also be translated “host of heaven,” or “angelic beings,” or “heavenly bodies.” as it is written in the book of the prophets, ‘Did you offer to me slain animals and sacrifices forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel?

⁴³ Na yn wir, dyrchafasoch babell Moloch, a seren eich duw Raiffan, y delwau a wnaethoch i'w haddoli. Alltudiaf chwi y tu hwnt i Fabilon.'

⁴³You took up the tabernacle of Moloch, the star of your god Rephan, the figures which you made to worship. I will carry you away Amos 5:25-27 beyond Babylon.’

⁴⁴ "Yr oedd pabell y dystiolaeth gan ein hynafiaid yn yr anialwch, fel y gorchmynnodd yr hwn a lefarodd wrth Moses ei fod i'w llunio yn �l y patrwm yr oedd wedi ei weld.

⁴⁴“Our fathers had the tabernacle of the testimony in the wilderness, even as he who spoke to Moses commanded him to make it according to the pattern that he had seen;

⁴⁵ Ac wedi ei derbyn yn eu tro, daeth ein hynafiaid � hi yma gyda Josua, wrth iddynt oresgyn y cenhedloedd a yrrodd Duw allan o'u blaenau. Ac felly y bu hyd ddyddiau Dafydd.

⁴⁵which also our fathers, in their turn, brought in with Joshua when they entered into the possession of the nations, whom God drove out before the face of our fathers, to the days of David,

⁴⁶ Cafodd ef ffafr gerbron Duw, a deisyfodd am gael tabernacl i du375? Jacob.

⁴⁶who found favor in the sight of God, and asked to find a habitation for the God of Jacob.

⁴⁷ Eithr Solomon oedd yr un a adeiladodd du375? iddo.

⁴⁷But Solomon built him a house.

⁴⁸ Ond nid yw'r Goruchaf yn trigo mewn tai o waith llaw; fel y mae'r proffwyd yn dweud:

⁴⁸However, the Most High doesn’t dwell in temples made with hands, as the prophet says,

⁴⁹ 'Y nefoedd yw fy ngorsedd, a'r ddaear yw troedfainc fy nhraed. Pa fath du375? a adeiladwch imi, medd yr Arglwydd; ble fydd fy ngorffwysfa?

⁴⁹‘heaven is my throne, and the earth a footstool for my feet. What kind of house will you build me?’ says the Lord; ‘or what is the place of my rest?

⁵⁰ Onid fy llaw i a wnaeth y pethau hyn oll?'

⁵⁰Didn’t my hand make all these things?’ Isaiah 66:1-2

⁵¹ "Chwi rai gwargaled a dienwaededig o galon a chlust, yr ydych chwi yn wastad yn gwrthwynebu'r Ysbryd Gl�n; fel eich hynafiaid, felly chwithau.

⁵¹“You stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, you always resist the Holy Spirit! As your fathers did, so you do.

⁵² Prun o'r proffwydi na fu'ch hynafiaid yn ei erlid? Ie, lladdasant y rhai a ragfynegodd ddyfodiad yr Un Cyfiawn. A chwithau yn awr, bradwyr a llofruddion fuoch iddo ef,

⁵²Which of the prophets didn’t your fathers persecute? They killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, of whom you have now become betrayers and murderers.

⁵³ chwi y rhai a dderbyniodd y Gyfraith yn �l cyfarwyddyd angylion, ac eto ni chadwasoch mohoni."

⁵³You received the law as it was ordained by angels, and didn’t keep it!”

⁵⁴ Wrth glywed y pethau hyn aethant yn ffyrnig yn eu calonnau, ac ysgyrnygu eu dannedd arno.

⁵⁴Now when they heard these things, they were cut to the heart, and they gnashed at him with their teeth.

⁵⁵ Yn llawn o'r Ysbryd Gl�n, syllodd Steffan tua'r nef a gwelodd ogoniant Duw, ac Iesu'n sefyll ar ddeheulaw Duw,

⁵⁵But he, being full of the Holy Spirit, looked up steadfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God,

⁵⁶ a dywedodd, "Edrychwch, 'rwy'n gweld y nefoedd yn agored, a Mab y Dyn yn sefyll ar ddeheulaw Duw."

⁵⁶and said, “Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!”

⁵⁷ Rhoesant hwythau waedd uchel, a chau eu clustiau, a rhuthro'n unfryd arno,

⁵⁷But they cried out with a loud voice, and stopped their ears, and rushed at him with one accord.

⁵⁸ a'i fwrw allan o'r ddinas, a mynd ati i'w labyddio. Dododd y tystion eu dillad wrth draed dyn ifanc o'r enw Saul.

⁵⁸They threw him out of the city, and stoned him. The witnesses placed their garments at the feet of a young man named Saul.

⁵⁹ Ac wrth iddynt ei labyddio, yr oedd Steffan yn galw, "Arglwydd Iesu, derbyn fy ysbryd."

⁵⁹They stoned Stephen as he called out, saying, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!”

⁶⁰ Yna penliniodd, a gwaeddodd � llais uchel, "Arglwydd, paid � dal y pechod hwn yn eu herbyn." Ac wedi dweud hynny, fe hunodd.

⁶⁰He kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, “Lord, don’t hold this sin against them!” When he had said this, he fell asleep.