1僕婢的條例(申15:12~18)“你要在眾民面前訂立的典章是這樣的。
1“Now these are the ordinances which you shall set before them.
2如果你買希伯來人作奴僕,他要服事你六年;到第七年他可以自由出去,不必補償甚麼。
2“If you buy a Hebrew servant, he shall serve six years and in the seventh he shall go out free without paying anything.
3他若是單身來,就可以單身出去;他若是有婦之夫,他的妻子就可以和他同去。
3If he comes in by himself, he shall go out by himself. If he is married, then his wife shall go out with him.
4他的主人若是給他妻子,妻子又給他生了兒女,那麼妻子和兒女都要歸給主人,他自己要單獨出去。
4If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master’s, and he shall go out by himself.
5如果那奴僕明明說:‘我愛我的主人和我的妻子兒女,不願意自由出去。’
5But if the servant shall plainly say, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children. I will not go out free;’
6他的主人就要把他帶到審判官(“審判官”原文作“ 神”)那裡,又要把他帶到門前,或是門柱旁;他的主人要用錐子刺穿他的耳朵,他就要永遠服事他的主人。
6then his master shall bring him to God, and shall bring him to the door or to the doorpost, and his master shall bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall serve him for ever.
7如果有人把女兒賣作婢女,婢女不可像男僕那樣出去。
7“If a man sells his daughter to be a female servant, she shall not go out as the male servants do.
8如果主人選定她歸自己,以後又不喜歡她,就要准她贖身;主人沒有權力可以把她賣給外族人,因為主人曾經欺騙了她。
8If she doesn’t please her master, who has married her to himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell her to a foreign people, since he has dealt deceitfully with her.
9如果主人選定她歸自己的兒子,就必須照著待女兒的規矩待她。
9If he marries her to his son, he shall deal with her as a daughter.
10如果他另娶一個妻子,那麼,對她的飲食、衣著和性的需要,仍然不可減少。
10If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, and her marital rights.
11如果他不向她行這三樣,她就可以自由出去,不必補償甚麼。
11If he doesn’t do these three things for her, she may go free without paying any money.
12懲罰殺人者或傷人者的條例“打人以致把人打死的,必要把那人處死。
12“One who strikes a man so that he dies shall surely be put to death,
13人若不是蓄意殺人,而是 神交在他手中的,我就給你設立一個地方,他可以逃到那裡去。
13but not if it is unintentional, but God allows it to happen: then I will appoint you a place where he shall flee.
14若有人任意待他的鄰舍,用詭計把他殺了,你要把他從我的祭壇那裡拿去處死。
14If a man schemes and comes presumptuously on his neighbor to kill him, you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.
15“打父母的,必要把那人處死。
15“Anyone who attacks his father or his mother shall be surely put to death.
16“拐帶人口的,無論是把人賣了,或是還留在他手中,必要把那人處死。
16“Anyone who kidnaps someone and sells him, or if he is found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death.
17咒罵父母的,必要把那人處死。
17“Anyone who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.
18“如果人彼此爭論,一個用石頭或拳頭打另一個,但他還沒有死,不過要躺在床上,
18“If men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone, or with his fist, and he doesn’t die, but is confined to bed;
19以後,他若是能起來,能扶杖出外行走,那打他的就可算無罪,但要賠償他停工的損失,並且要把他完全醫好。
19if he rises again and walks around with his staff, then he who struck him shall be cleared: only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall provide for his healing until he is thoroughly healed.
20“如果有人用棍打他的奴僕或婢女,以致死在他的手下,他必須受刑罰;
20“If a man strikes his servant or his maid with a rod, and he dies under his hand, he shall surely be punished.
21但如果他還活一兩天,那人就不必受刑罰,因為那奴僕是他的財產。
21Notwithstanding, if he gets up after a day or two, he shall not be punished, for he is his property.
22“如果人彼此爭鬥,擊傷了懷孕的婦人,以致流產,但沒有別的損害,那傷害她的必須按照婦人的丈夫要求的,和照著審判官斷定的,繳納罰款。
22“If men fight and hurt a pregnant woman so that she gives birth prematurely, and yet no harm follows, he shall be surely fined as much as the woman’s husband demands and the judges allow.
23如果有別的損害,你就要以命償命,
23But if any harm follows, then you must take life for life,
24以眼還眼,以牙還牙,以手還手,以腳還腳,
24eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
25以烙還烙,以傷還傷,以打還打。
25burning for burning, wound for wound, and bruise for bruise.
26“如果有人擊打他奴僕的一隻眼,或婢女的一隻眼,把眼打壞了,就要因他的眼的緣故讓他自由離去。
26“If a man strikes his servant’s eye, or his maid’s eye, and destroys it, he shall let him go free for his eye’s sake.
27如果有人打落了他奴僕的一隻牙,或婢女的一隻牙,就要因他的牙的緣故讓他自由離去。
27If he strikes out his male servant’s tooth, or his female servant’s tooth, he shall let him go free for his tooth’s sake.
28牲畜傷人的賠償條例“如果牛觸了男人或女人,以致死亡,那牛必須用石頭打死,只是不可吃牛的肉;牛的主人卻不必受刑罰。
28“If a bull gores a man or a woman to death, the bull shall surely be stoned, and its flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the bull shall not be held responsible.
29如果那牛以前常常觸人,牛主也曾經受過警告,他仍然不把牛拴好,以致觸死了男人或是女人,就要用石頭把那牛打死,牛主也必要處死。
29But if the bull had a habit of goring in the past, and it has been testified to its owner, and he has not kept it in, but it has killed a man or a woman, the bull shall be stoned, and its owner shall also be put to death.
30如果給他提出贖金,他就必須照著提出的數量全數繳付贖命金。
30If a ransom is laid on him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is laid on him.
31牛無論觸了人的兒子,或是觸了人的女兒,都必須照著這定例辦理。
31Whether it has gored a son or has gored a daughter, according to this judgment it shall be done to him.
32如果牛觸了人的奴僕,或是婢女,必須把三百四十克銀子給他的主人,那牛也必須用石頭打死。
32If the bull gores a male servant or a female servant, thirty shekels of silver shall be given to their master, and the ox shall be stoned.
33傷害牲畜的賠償條例“如果有人把井敞開,或是有人挖了井,而不把井口遮蓋,以致有牛或驢掉進裡面,
33“If a man opens a pit, or if a man digs a pit and doesn’t cover it, and a bull or a donkey falls into it,
34井主要賠償,要把銀子還給牛主或驢主,死的牲畜可以歸自己。
34the owner of the pit shall make it good. He shall give money to its owner, and the dead animal shall be his.
35“如果有人的牛傷了他鄰舍的牛,以致死亡,他們要把活牛賣了,平分銀子,也要平分死牛。
35“If one man’s bull injures another’s, so that it dies, then they shall sell the live bull, and divide its price; and they shall also divide the dead animal.
36如果人知道那牛以前常常觸人,牛主竟不把牛拴好,他必須賠償,以牛還牛,死的可以歸自己。”
36Or if it is known that the bull was in the habit of goring in the past, and its owner has not kept it in, he shall surely pay bull for bull, and the dead animal shall be his own.