¹ Ystyriais hyn i gyd, a chanfod bod y rhai cyfiawn a doeth �'u gweithredoedd yn llaw Duw, ac na u373?yr neb prun ai cariad ai casineb sy'n ei aros.

¹But all this I have laid unto my heart, so as to clear up the whole of this, that the righteous and the wise, and their works, [are] in the hand of God, neither love nor hatred doth man know, the whole [is] before them.

² Yr un peth sy'n digwydd i bawb � i'r cyfiawn a'r drygionus, i'r da a'r drwg, i'r gl�n a'r aflan, i'r un sy'n aberthu a'r un nad yw'n aberthu. Y mae'r daionus a'r pechadur fel ei gilydd, a'r un sy'n tyngu llw fel yr un sy'n ofni gwneud hynny.

²The whole [is] as to the whole; one event is to the righteous and to the wicked, to the good, and to the clean, and to the unclean, and to him who is sacrificing, and to him who is not sacrificing; as [is] the good, so [is] the sinner, he who is swearing as he who is fearing an oath.

³ Dyma sy'n ddrwg yn y cyfan a ddigwydd dan yr haul: mai'r un peth yw tynged pawb. Y mae calon pobl yn llawn drygioni, a ffolineb yn eu calonnau ar hyd eu bywyd, ac yna y maent yn marw.

³This [is] an evil among all that hath been done under the sun, that one event [is] to all, and also the heart of the sons of man is full of evil, and madness [is] in their heart during their life, and after it — unto the dead.

⁴ Y mae gobaith i'r un a gyfrifir ymysg y byw; oherwydd y mae ci byw yn well na llew marw.

⁴But [to] him who is joined unto all the living there is confidence, for to a living dog it [is] better than to the dead lion.

⁵ Y mae'r byw yn gwybod y byddant farw, ond nid yw'r meirw yn gwybod dim; nid oes bellach wobr iddynt, oherwydd fe ddiflanna'r cof amdanynt.

⁵For the living know that they die, and the dead know not anything, and there is no more to them a reward, for their remembrance hath been forgotten.

⁶ Yn wir y mae eu cariad, a'u casineb a'u cenfigen eisoes wedi darfod, a bellach nid oes iddynt ran yn yr holl bethau a ddigwydd dan yr haul.

⁶Their love also, their hatred also, their envy also, hath already perished, and they have no more a portion to the age in all that hath been done under the sun.

⁷ Dos, bwyta dy fwyd mewn llawenydd, ac yf dy win � chalon lawen, oherwydd y mae Duw eisoes yn fodlon ar dy weithredoedd.

⁷Go, eat with joy thy bread, and drink with a glad heart thy wine, for already hath God been pleased with thy works.

⁸ Gofala fod gennyt ddillad gwyn bob amser, a chofia roi olew ar dy ben.

⁸At all times let thy garments be white, and let not perfume be lacking on thy head.

⁹ Mwynha fywyd gyda'r wraig yr wyt yn ei charu, a hynny yn ystod holl ddyddiau dy fywyd gwag a roddodd ef iti dan yr haul, oherwydd dyma yw dy dynged mewn bywyd, ac yn y llafur a gyflawni dan yr haul.

⁹See life with the wife whom thou hast loved, all the days of the life of thy vanity, that He hath given to thee under the sun, all the days of thy vanity, for it [is] thy portion in life, even of thy labour that thou art labouring at under the sun.

¹⁰ Beth bynnag yr wyt yn ei wneud, gwna �'th holl egni; oherwydd yn Sheol, lle'r wyt yn mynd, nid oes gwaith na gorchwyl, deall na doethineb.

¹⁰All that thy hand findeth to do, with thy power do, for there is no work, and device, and knowledge, and wisdom in Sheol whither thou art going.

¹¹ Unwaith eto, dyma a sylwais dan yr haul: nid y cyflym sy'n ennill y ras, ac nid y cryf sy'n ennill y rhyfel; nid y doethion sy'n cael bwyd, nid y deallus sy'n cael cyfoeth, ac nid y rhai gwybodus sy'n cael ffafr. Hap a damwain sy'n digwydd iddynt i gyd.

¹¹I have turned so as to see under the sun, that not to the swift [is] the race, nor to the mighty the battle, nor even to the wise bread, nor even to the intelligent wealth, nor even to the skilful grace, for time and chance happen with them all.

¹² Ni u373?yr neb pa bryd y daw ei amser; fel y delir pysgod mewn rhwyd ac adar mewn magl, felly y delir pobl gan amser adfyd sy'n dod arnynt yn ddisymwth.

¹²For even man knoweth not his time; as fish that are taken hold of by an evil net, and as birds that are taken hold of by a snare, like these [are] the sons of man snared at an evil time, when it falleth upon them suddenly.

¹³ Dyma hefyd y ddoethineb a welais dan yr haul, ac yr oedd yn hynod yn fy ngolwg:

¹³This also I have seen: wisdom under the sun, and it is great to me.

¹⁴ yr oedd dinas fechan, ac ychydig o bobl ynddi; ymosododd brenin nerthol arni a'i hamgylchynu ac adeiladu gwarchae cryf yn ei herbyn.

¹⁴A little city, and few men in it, and a great king hath come unto it, and hath surrounded it, and hath built against it great bulwarks;

¹⁵ Yr oedd ynddi ddyn tlawd a doeth, ac fe waredodd ef y ddinas trwy ei ddoethineb; eto ni chofiodd neb am y dyn tlawd hwnnw.

¹⁵and there hath been found in it a poor wise man, and he hath delivered the city by his wisdom, and men have not remembered that poor man!

¹⁶ Ond yr wyf yn dweud bod doethineb yn well na chryfder, er i ddoethineb y dyn tlawd gael ei dirmygu, a neb yn gwrando ar ei eiriau.

¹⁶And I said, `Better [is] wisdom than might, and the wisdom of the poor is despised, and his words are not heard.` —

¹⁷ Y mae geiriau tawel y doethion yn well na bloedd llywodraethwr ymysg ffyliaid.

¹⁷The words of the wise in quiet are heard, More than the cry of a ruler over fools.

¹⁸ Y mae doethineb yn well nag arfau rhyfel, ond y mae un pechadur yn difetha llawer o ddaioni.

¹⁸Better [is] wisdom than weapons of conflict, And one sinner destroyeth much good!